In Belarus, Christmas is celebrated with a blend of religious traditions and cultural customs. The majority of Belarusians who celebrate Christmas follow the Orthodox Christian calendar, which means they observe Christmas on January 7th. However, some also celebrate on December 25th, in line with the Roman Catholic calendar. Preparations for Christmas often begin with a period of fasting known as Advent, lasting for several weeks.
On Christmas Eve, families gather for a special meal called "Kutia," which consists of twelve dishes, symbolizing the twelve apostles. This meal is typically meatless and may include dishes like beet soup, fish, mushrooms, and various grains. One of the traditional dishes is "Koliady," a sweet grain pudding.
Church services play a significant role in the celebration. Many attend the midnight mass or a special Christmas service to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ. After the religious ceremonies, it is common for families to exchange gifts and enjoy festive music.
Caroling, known as "Kalyady," is another popular tradition in Belarus. Groups of people, often dressed in traditional costumes, go from house to house singing carols and performing short plays. They are usually rewarded with sweets, small gifts, or money.
Christmas decorations in Belarus often include a Christmas tree, adorned with ornaments and lights. Additionally, many homes display nativity scenes and other festive decorations. The holiday season is also marked by various public events, including concerts, fairs, and ice skating.
Overall, Christmas in Belarus is a time for family, faith, and festivity, blending religious observance with cultural traditions to create a unique and meaningful celebration.