Перепишите предложения, используя пассивный залог. Model: Sometimes people break laws. Laws are sometimes...

1. Crimes are investigated by police.
2. Laws are made by the State Duma.
3. Disputes are resolved by courts.
4. A criminal was arrested by police yesterday.
5. The law has already been passed by the Parliament.
6. Benefits for injured workers are provided by some laws.
7. Government-made laws are often formed by informal rules of conduct already existing in society.

1. Crimes are investigated by police.

2. Laws are made by the State Duma.

3. Disputes are resolved by courts.

4. A criminal was arrested by police yesterday.

5. The law has already been passed by Parliament.

6. Benefits for workers injured are provided for by some laws.

7. Government-made laws are often formed by informal rules of conduct already existing in society.

Переписывание предложений с использованием пассивного залога предполагает изменение акцента с субъекта действия на объект действия. В пассивном залоге объект становится подлежащим, а субъект действия может быть упомянут в конце с использованием предлога "by" или опущен, если он не важен или очевиден из контекста. Давайте перепишем каждое из предложений:

1. Police investigate crimes.

   • Crimes are investigated by the police.

2. The State Duma makes laws.

   • Laws are made by the State Duma.

3. Courts resolve disputes.

   • Disputes are resolved by courts.

4. Police arrested a criminal yesterday.

   • A criminal was arrested by the police yesterday.

5. The Parliament has already passed the law.

   • The law has already been passed by the Parliament.

6. Some laws provide for benefits for workers injured.

   • Benefits for injured workers are provided for by some laws.

7. Informal rules of conduct already existing in society often form government-made laws.

   • Government-made laws are often formed by informal rules of conduct already existing in society.

В этих примерах мы видим, что в пассивном залоге внимание сосредоточено на том, что происходит с объектом действия, а не на том, кто выполняет это действие. Это может быть полезно в ситуациях, когда исполнитель действия не важен для контекста или когда мы хотим подчеркнуть сам факт действия.